Choose your charging system

Choose your charging system

While nearly every electric vehicle comes with a basic portable cord set that can be plugged into a standard wall socket, many EV owners opt to upgrade to a faster charging station for home use. Just as electric vehicles continue to be developed and improved, so do home-based charging systems, with current models available in a variety of shapes, sizes and price points. Prior to purchasing any electric vehicle supply equipment (EVSE), be sure to consult your vehicle’s manufacturer to review potential equipment requirements or specifications. Also, before plugging an EV into any outlet, confirm that the circuit does not supply power to any other appliances, such as a refrigerator or lighting.

For residential charging, drivers have a choice of using either a Level 1 or Level 2 device. Delivering electricity through a standard 120 V AC plug, Level 1 devices add anywhere from 2 to 8 miles of range to a vehicle per hour of charging time. While this type of charger does not require any equipment other than an outlet, a dedicated branch circuit is needed.

Charging with Level 2 EVSE is significantly faster than a Level 1 device — adding approximately 10 to 60 miles of range to a vehicle per hour of charging time — but it does require special equipment that is more expensive to install. Because the Level 2 charger delivers electricity through a 240 V AC plug, it requires a dedicated electrical circuit of 20 to 100 amps. While most Level 2 chargers are 7.7 kW, which requires 40 A charging, some models vary.

For instance, Tesla chargers are 11.6 kW, necessitating a 60 A breaker. While it is true that the higher the kW rating, the faster your car will charge, it is important to note that this is dependent on the size of the EVSE load center; for example, if the load center is 40 A, you cannot use a larger kW charger.

Most homes already have 240 V service established for appliances such as clothes dryers and electric ranges. The price of Level 2 residential EVSE varies, but typically ranges from $500 to $2,000 before installation. However, check with your utility company about rebate options, as many offer considerable savings toward the EVSE or the total cost of installation.

Although EV charging stations are generally installed in garages, homeowners can also purchase devices that are constructed to withstand weather and other types of stresses. If you are planning to install a charger outside, look for one that is outdoor rated, includes a NEMA Type 3R protection rating against water damage, and features a durable, weather-proof case.